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.Gamier Jacqueline BEAUJEN, Geographic,., 2/39 (14) 
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L^j4jl-^j ^^^' rfJaLJl dJiUj - 

B. Rosenberger et H. Triki, Famines at Epfdemies Au Maroc in Hesperis — Tamuda, Vol. (32) 
XIV, Fascicule Unique. 1 973, p. 1 28 Ibid, P 1 33. 



Ibid, P133. 
Ibid. 134 



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B. Rosenberger et H. Trlki^ Famines et Epidemiess Au Maroc, in Hesperis-Tamuda vol XV, (3 6) 

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. (137) ^__;.i j,:)UL; ju^'yi ^ j> '-* 7 7 2 a;^ J jL^U: 

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. ^.^1 Ip^UL oL^ J^ iiUU-l J 



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Jp^Ul ^^1 lil , %j^ ^\ \X>, Jp ^j; ^ j_^Vl ^ . aJjU ^ly ^L^ 

.(1"°)^ 780 i^,3a::3,.ijN.|N| 




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: Ji^l o^l :r^l i^l * 



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k-jj>il ^_jU J oL-ljj 



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65 



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. 1987 43-42 :>AP t^j^" t4-i>i 




«Evolution de I'Etablissement des minorites andalouses au Maroo. in Actes du 2e 

symposium International du CIE.M sur : 

Religion, Identity et Sources Documentaires sur !es morisques Andalous. 2 :139 - 154 - 

Tunis, 1984. 

La berberie orientale sous Hafsides, 2 : 370 371 et 383-389 ( ^ ) 

Les cahiers de Tunisie. 1eret2etrim. 1970, PP 129-136 

.90-46 .^ .1975 

.352 ; 4.,5^l-i-i:^oL;^l>U4) 



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. 63 tJjLJl jX^t (37) 

. 64 t JjUI jJ^l (38) 

. A>*AsdJlj jJ^I ^_^ (3 9) 

1040- 1039 c^Jiil (40) 

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^Uaii^(12 73_1279)ijl>w.l^l jLkLJI,v.^L^; J a-VI _ t>lio _ ^La 






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-Berreby. J.J. 

La Peninsule arabique, Paris 1958 

- Kammer 

La mer rouge, I'Abyssinie et I'arabie depuis I'antiquite 

- Neibuhr, C. 

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- Braudel (F.) 

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- Ricard (R) 

Etude sur I'histoire des Portuguais au Maroc, Coimbra, 1 951 . 




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